> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://notes.m4lwhere.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://notes.m4lwhere.org/offensive/recon/dns.md).
# DNS
## Third-Party Tools
Use these first, as it is completely passive and uses Internet infrastructure instead of your own machine.
* DNS Dumpster \[]
* Shodan \[]
* Censys \[]
## Dig
Powerful linux based tool used to gather and analyze dns records
#### Gather All Records for a Domain
This command uses `192.168.1.1` to gather information
```
dig @192.168.1.1 sec542.org -t any
dig @192.168.1.1 sec560.org +norecursive # Turns off recursion
dig @192.168.1.1 sec560.org +recursive # Turns on recursion
```
#### Simplified PTR Lookups
Using the `-x` flag is the same as `dig 23.1.168.192.in-addr-arpa PTR`
```
dig -x 192.168.1.23
```
#### Attempt Full Zone Transfer
Very unlikely to work, most domains *should* not allow external zone transfers. More likely to happen from the inside though. Always attempt this anyway!
```
dig @ m4lwhere.org -t axfr
dig @ AXFR m4lwhere.org
```
## nslookup
We can use `nslookup` from a windows host to try and gather information as well.
```
C:\Users\m4lwhere> nslookup
> server 10.0.0.1
> set type=AXFR
> ls -d goblins.local
```
## DNSrecon
Multi-threaded DNS tool written in python 3
```bash
dnsrecon -d m4lwhere.org -n 8.8.8.8
```
## DNS Brute Forcing
Attempt to enumerate DNS hostnames by guessing subdomains.
#### Gobuster
Uses gobuster for DNS subdomain, is multi-threaded 😎
```
gobuster dns -d m4lwhere.org -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-small.txt
```
#### Nmap Script
Lots of switches for this command
```
nmap --script dns-brute --script-args dns-brute.domain=foo.com,dns-brute.threads=6,dns-brute.hostlist=./hostfile.txt,newtargets -sS -p 80
```
---
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